Directory browsing allows visitors to your site to see and browse through the contents of folders on your web site. Anyone on the web could potentially visit a directory on your site, see what files exist there and open them at will. Typically, web hosts disable directory browsing for security reasons. However, there are still plenty of web hosts out there that don’t disable it.
Basically, if directory browsing is enabled and you don’t have an index.html or index.php file in a given directory, the web browser will display the contents of the directory along with a link back to the parent directory.
Obviously, revealing the inner workings of your website to the public could entice hackers or at least make their job easier. Hackers can perform Google searches to find sites with directory browsing enabled and then choose sites which have known vulnerabilities based on their findings.
How to Check Your Site
You can check to see if directory browsing is enabled on your site by creating a folder and adding a basic text file. If you visit the directory in your web browser and it displays a link to the text file, then directory browsing is enabled. If you get a ‘Page Not Found’ or ‘Forbidden’ message, then directory browsing is disabled.
Web Host Checklist
If you find that your web host has directory browsing enabled, leave a comment below and we’ll start a running list. Meanwhile, if your web host uses an Apache server, you will want to apply the fix at the end of this article.
Directory Browsing and WordPress
By default, a self-hosted installation of WordPress has a built-in safeguard against directory browsing. A new WordPress installation will contain a blank index.php file in each folder so that a user visiting a folder, such as the plugins directory, will be presented with a blank screen. However, many WordPress plugins don’t do this. This means that hackers can likely see what plugins, and versions of those plugins, that you have installed on your site.
Securing Access to your Directories with .htaccess
The easiest way to disable directory browsing is to add a line to your site’s .htaccess
file. Just be aware that this only works for sites running on an Apache web server.
Keep in mind that you can have .htaccess
files in multiple locations, but you want to make your change in the .htaccess
found in the root directory for your domain. This will cause the change to take place across your entire site.
Here is what you will need to do:
- Download your
.htaccess
file and make a copy. You should always keep a copy of your.htaccess
file when making changes, for when things don’t work as planned. - Add these lines to your
.htaccess
file:
# Disable Directory Browsing
Options All -Indexes
- Upload the new
.htaccess
file and overwrite the existing one. - Verify that directory browsing is disabled. You can visit a folder that previously allowed you to view the directory contents and be sure you are getting a ‘Page Not Found’ or ‘Forbidden’ error message.